Researchers at Washington State University have developed an innovative wearable health monitor that accurately measures biochemical levels in sweat during physical exercise. This technology could offer a non-invasive method to diagnose diseases such as diabetes, gout, kidney disease, and heart disease, as reported in the journal ACS Sensors. The device employs a 3D-printed design that enhances its practicality for real-world use.

The health monitor utilizes a one-step manufacturing process involving 3D printing, which incorporates single-atom catalysts and enzymatic reactions to detect low-level biomarkers like glucose, lactate, and uric acid. These biomarkers are key for monitoring various health conditions. The device includes three biosensors that change color to indicate different biochemical levels, simplifying the interpretation of results.

Dr. Chuchu Chen, a WSU Ph.D. student and first author of the study, noted the potential impact of integrating 3D printing with disease detection technologies. The health monitor features microfluidic channels that are printed without supporting structures, eliminating contamination risks commonly associated with traditional manufacturing methods.

Kaiyan Qiu, Berry Assistant Professor in WSU’s School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, along with research professor Annie Du, led the study. They explained that while sweat contains important metabolites indicating health conditions, measuring these in non-laboratory environments has been difficult due to their low concentrations. Unlike other sensors that require complex and bulky equipment, their design’s flexibility and stretchability make it easy to use.

The monitor’s design also allows for the addition of more biomarkers, enabling further customization of health monitoring. It was designed to be comfortable for users, a feature confirmed during prototype testing.

The research team is focused on further improving the design and validation of the monitor for commercial use. The WSU Office of Commercialization has filed a provisional patent application to protect the intellectual property associated with this technology. The development of the monitor was supported by funding from the National Science Foundation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and startup funds from WSU.